ROME — Italy has suspended a longstanding defense cooperation agreement with Israel, marking a significant deterioration in relations between the two nations amid escalating violence in the Middle East. The move, confirmed by Italian defense ministry sources on Tuesday, comes as European governments face mounting pressure to take a stronger stance against Israel’s military operations in Gaza.
The 2017 defense pact, which included joint military exercises, intelligence sharing, and arms sales, had been a cornerstone of Italy-Israel relations. Analysts suggest the suspension reflects Italy’s attempt to balance its traditional pro-Israel stance with growing domestic opposition to the war. “This is a calibrated response to public opinion without completely severing ties,” said Marco Vincenzi, a Rome-based foreign policy analyst.
The decision follows weeks of protests across Italian cities demanding an arms embargo. Opposition lawmakers had criticized Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s government for maintaining military cooperation while civilian casualties mounted in Gaza. Defense Ministry officials stressed the suspension is “temporary and reversible” pending de-escalation.
In Washington, former President Donald Trump condemned Italy’s move as “weakness in the face of terrorism” during a campaign rally. The White House declined to comment directly but reiterated support for Israel’s right to self-defense.
Regional experts warn the suspension could encourage other European nations to reconsider military ties with Israel, potentially isolating the country diplomatically. However, some analysts note Italy’s dependence on U.S. strategic partnerships may limit how far it can diverge from Washington’s position long-term.